Understanding the severity of keratitis and its impact in severe dry eye disease The target mechanisms that drive the pathophysiology of dry eye disease (DED) are principally tear film instability, tear hyperosmolarity, apoptosis and inflammation. These factors, respectively, lead to cell damage, nerve stimulation, cytokine release, matrix metalo-proteinase activation and goblet cell loss and form […]
Syed Shoeb Ahmad, Syed Mohammad Bilal, Yusra Tanveer
NEW
Conjunctival nevi are common benign lesions of the conjunctiva. Occasionally, they can transform into, or be confused with, aggressive malignancies such as melanomas. They can present at any age, including in children and adolescents. While usually asymptomatic, they can cause psychological discomfort, irrespective of the size or severity of the lesion.1Â Nevi can be a concern […]